29
REGIONAL 1
NATIONAL 14
SUBNATIONAL 14
Number of governmental
crediting mechanisms implemented
crediting mechanisms implemented
8
REGIONAL 1
NATIONAL 4
SUBNATIONAL 3
Number of governmental
crediting mechanisms under development
crediting mechanisms under development
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Carbon crediting mechanisms are classified according to the type of organization that administers them:
- International: Includes mechanisms established under international treaties and administered by international organizations.
- Independent: Includes standards and crediting mechanisms administered by independent, non-governmental entities.
- Governmental: Includes mechanisms administered by one or several regional, national, or subnational governments.
This map reflects the jurisdictions that administer carbon crediting mechanisms. As such it only shows governmental carbon crediting mechanisms, since international and independent mechanisms are not administered by jurisdictions. For information on host countries see 'Issuance' map.
Governmental carbon crediting mechanisms differ based on status: Crediting mechanisms are considered "implemented" if they have issued credits (or have frameworks in place to allow credits to be used domestically, such as in South Africa).; Crediting mechanisms are considered "Under development/consideration"" if the government is actively working towards the implementation of a specific carbon crediting mechanism, and this has been formally confirmed by official government sources. An "Abolished" mechanism is one that has previously met the definition of 'Implemented' but is no longer in place.
Details of Governmental carbon crediting mechanisms
Compare and sort governmental carbon crediting mechanisms based on a range of criteria. Filters applied to the table are also displayed in the map above.
| Mechanism | Status | Year of Implementation | Scope | Administering Jurisdiction or organisation | Region | Income Group of Administering Country | Price (Range) | Eligible Activities | Compliance CPIs accepting credits generated through mechanism | Cumulative credits issued (ktCO2-e) | Cumulative Projects Registered |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alberta Emission Offset System | Implemented | 2007 | Subnational | Alberta | North America | High income | CAN$20–27/tCO2e (US$16–21/tCO2e) (2020) | Alberta TIER | 74160 | 354 | |
Australian Carbon Credit Unit Scheme | Implemented | 2012 | National | Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | A$15.94/tCO2e (US$12/tCO2e - average auction price from March to September 2020) (2020) | Australia ERF safeguard mechanism | 122701 | 1434 | |
Beijing Forestry Offset Mechanism | Implemented | 2014 | Subnational | Beijing | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | CNY13.8-61/tCO2e (US$2.1-9.28/tCO2e) (2020) | Beijing pilot ETS | 200 | Not available | |
Beijing Parking Offset Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2017 | Subnational | Beijing | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | CNY48-60/tCO2e (US$7-9/tCO2e) (2019-2020) | Beijing pilot ETS | 200 | Not available | |
British Columbia Offset Program | Implemented | 2016 | Subnational | British Columbia | North America | High income | CAN$8-15/tCO2e (US$6-12/tCO2e) (2020) | Greenhouse Gas Industrial Reporting and Control Act (GGIRCA) | 10916 | 23 | |
California Compliance Offset Program | Implemented | 2013 | Subnational | California | North America | High income | US$13.71/tCO2e (weighted average) (2020) | California ETS, Quebec ETS | 254287 | 496 | |
Canada Federal GHG Offset System | Under development | National | Canada | North America | High income | 0 | |||||
Chile Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2022 | National | Chile | Latin America and the Caribbean | High income | 0 | ||||
China GHG Voluntary Emission Reduction Program | Implemented | 2014 | National | China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | CNY10-20/tCO2e (US$1.5–3tCO2e) (2020) | Beijing pilot ETS, Chongqing pilot ETS, CORSIA, Fujian pilot ETS, Guangdong pilot ETS, Hubei pilot ETS, Shanghai pilot ETS, Shenzhen pilot ETS, Tianjin pilot ETS | 78000 | 1315 | |
Chongqing carbon offset mechanism | Implemented | 2021 | Subnational | Chongqing | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | Not available | Chongqing pilot ETS | 1550 | Not available | |
Colombia Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2020 | National | Colombia | Latin America and the Caribbean | Upper middle income | 129700 | 141 | |||
Fujian Forestry Offset Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2017 | Subnational | Fujian | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | CNY10–20/tCO2e (US$1–3/tCO2e) (2019) | Fujian pilot ETS | 2900 | 20 | |
Guangdong Pu Hui Offset Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2017 | Subnational | Guangdong (except Shenzhen) | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | CNY17/tCO2e (US$2/tCO2e—unweighted average) (2019) | Guangdong pilot ETS | 2000 | 175 | |
India Crediting Mechanism | Under development | National | India | South Asia | Lower middle income | 0 | 0 | ||||
Indo-Pacific Carbon Offsets Scheme | Under development | Regional | Australia | East Asia & Pacific | High income | 0 | |||||
Indonesia Crediting Mechanism | Under development | National | Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | Lower middle income | 0 | 0 | ||||
J-Credit Scheme | Implemented | 2013 | National | Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | JPY2,191/t-CO2 (US$20/tCO2e - Renewable energy) JPY1,500/t-CO2 (US$13.5/tCO2e - Energy saving and others) (2020) | Saitama ETS | 10610 | 2335 | |
Joint Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2012 | Regional | Japan | East Asia & Pacific | High income | Not available | None | 126 | 76 | |
Kazakhstan Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2013 | National | Kazakhstan | Europe and Central Asia | Upper middle income | Not available | Kazakstan ETS | 92 | 5 | |
Mexico Crediting Mechanism | Under development | National | Mexico | Latin America and the Caribbean | Upper middle income | 0 | |||||
Nova Scotia Crediting Mechanism | Under development | Subnational | Nova Scotia | North America | High income | 0 | |||||
Quebec Offset Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2013 | Subnational | Quebec | North America | High income | US$14.59/tCO2e (weighted average) (2020) | Quebec ETS, California ETS | 1305 | 22 | |
Republic of Korea Offset Credit Mechanism | Implemented | 2015 | National | Korea, Rep. | East Asia & Pacific | High income | KRW23000-40800/tCO2e (US$20-36/tCO2e) (2020) | Korea ETS | 44520 | 1022 | |
RGGI CO2 Offset Mechanism | Implemented | 2005 | Subnational | Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Vermont | North America | High income | US$5/tCO2e (2020) | RGGI, Virginia ETS | 48 | 1 | |
Saitama Forest Absorption Certification System | Implemented | 2010 | Subnational | Saitama | East Asia & Pacific | High income | Not available | Saitama Target Setting Emissions Trading System | 4 | 182 | |
Saitama Target Setting Emissions Trading System | Implemented | 2011 | Subnational | Saitama | East Asia & Pacific | High income | JPY469/tCO2e (US$4/tCO2e) (2019) | Saitama Target Setting Emissions Trading System, Tokyo ETS | 19600 | 679 | |
Sakhalin Oblast Pilot crediting mechanism | Implemented | 2022 | Subnational | Sakhalin | Europe and Central Asia | Upper middle income | 0 | 2 | |||
Saskatchewan GHG Offset Program | Under development | Subnational | Saskatchewan | North America | High income | 0 | |||||
South Africa Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2019 | National | South Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | Upper middle income | 13327 | 34 | |||
Spain FES-CO2 Program | Implemented | 2011 | National | Spain | Europe and Central Asia | High income | EUR9.7/tCO2e (US$11.39/tCO2e) (2020) | 4197 | |||
Sri Lanka Carbon Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2016 | National | Sri Lanka | South Asia | Lower middle income | 61 | ||||
Switzerland CO2 Attestations Crediting Mechanism | Implemented | 2012 | National | Switzerland | Europe and Central Asia | High income | CHF56-151/tCO2e (US$59-160/tCO2e) (2020) | 13720 | |||
Taiwan GHG Offset Management Program | Implemented | 2018 | National | Taiwan, China | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | Not available | 23780 | |||
Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction Program | Implemented | 2014 | National | Thailand | East Asia & Pacific | Upper middle income | THB 20 –296/tCO2e (US$0.64-9.46/tCO2e) (2020) | 13975 | |||
Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Program | Implemented | 2010 | Subnational | Tokyo | East Asia & Pacific | High income | JPY180-900/ tCO2e (US$1.62-8.12/tCO2e - Excess emission reductions) JPY4800-6400/tCO2e (US$43-58/tCO2e - Renewable energy credits) (2020) | 24000 | |||
UK Woodland Carbon Code | Implemented | 2011 | National | United Kingdom | Europe and Central Asia | High income | 8000 | ||||
Washington Crediting Mechanism | Under development | Subnational | Washington | North America | High income | 0 |
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